Contemporary Islamic Thought and the Challenges of Artificial Intelligence: A Crisis of Reason or a Civilizational Evolution?

DOI:https://doi.org/10.65281/723021

  1. Damene Abdelghani — Emir Abdelkader University — tanbajo@gmail.com
  2. Adel Bouyahia — University of Algiers 2 — adelbouyahia1978@gmail.com
  3. Mohamed Tahir — Lamine Debaghine University Sétif 2 — m.tahir@univ-setif2.dz

Received: 06/01/2026     Accepted: 25/04/2026   Published: 15/05/2026

Abstract:
The contemporary world is experiencing an unprecedented technological revolution, especially with the rapid development of artificial intelligence, which has imposed new intellectual and ethical challenges on various civilizations and cultures, including Islamic thought. Artificial intelligence has become an influential element in the fields of knowledge, education, economics, and even in shaping human consciousness, raising profound questions about the position of the human mind and the limits of its role in the age of intelligent machines. In this context, Islamic thought finds itself compelled to reconsider the concept of reason and independent reasoning (ijtihad) in light of modern digital transformations, since reason constitutes one of the central foundations of Islamic civilization and serves as a means for understanding religious texts and comprehending reality.

The problem of this study lies in questioning whether artificial intelligence represents a crisis that threatens the role of human reason and weakens spiritual and moral values, or whether it constitutes a civilizational development that can be employed to serve humanity and advance Islamic societies. Between fears of technological domination over humanity and optimism regarding the possibilities of scientific progress, the role of Islamic thought emerges in achieving balance between authenticity and modernity by directing technological development according to ethical and human principles that preserve human dignity and the status of reason. Therefore, a conscious approach to artificial intelligence should not be based on absolute rejection or unconditional acceptance, but rather on responsible criticism and rational utilization in a manner that serves humanity and civilization.

Keywords: Artificial Intelligence – Islamic Thought – Human Reason – Negative Values – Positive Values.

Introduction

In recent decades, the world has witnessed rapid technological advancements that have transformed the features of human life in various fields. Artificial intelligence has emerged as one of the most prominent manifestations of this modern digital revolution due to its ability to simulate human thinking, analyze data, and make decisions beyond the traditional human capabilities. The influence of this technology has extended to the fields of economics, education, media, medicine, and even social and cultural relations, making it a new civilizational force that reshapes the concepts of knowledge, work, and contemporary life. In light of this profound transformation, numerous intellectual, philosophical, and ethical questions have arisen regarding the future of human reason and the limits of its role in the era of intelligent machines.

Islamic thought is considered one of the intellectual systems most concerned with reason, as Islam granted reason a central position by viewing it as a tool for contemplation, understanding, independent reasoning, and discovering the laws of the universe. Islam also called for balance between reason and revelation in building knowledge and achieving civilizational progress. However, the enormous advancement of artificial intelligence has created new challenges for Islamic thought concerning the nature of the relationship between humans and technology, and the extent to which these intelligent systems affect the religious, ethical, and cultural values of Islamic societies. With the increasing dependence on modern technology, it has become necessary to reconsider the role of human reason under the dominance of algorithms and digital systems, and whether these transformations represent a threat to human status or an opportunity to advance human civilization.

The importance of this topic stems from the fact that it combines religious, philosophical, and technological dimensions, and seeks to understand how Islamic thought deals with the major digital transformations witnessed by the contemporary world. Its significance also lies in highlighting the ability of Islamic thought to keep pace with modern scientific developments without abandoning its ethical and human principles, especially amid growing concerns regarding the loss of privacy, freedom, and independent thinking due to the expansion of artificial intelligence.

Accordingly, the main research problem can be formulated as follows:
To what extent does artificial intelligence constitute a challenge to Islamic thought and the status of human reason? Does it represent a crisis of reason that threatens values and identity, or is it a civilizational development that can be employed to serve humanity and society?

Several sub-questions emerge from this problem, including:

To answer these questions, this study adopts the descriptive-analytical method through examining the basic concepts and analyzing the dimensions of the relationship between Islamic thought and artificial intelligence, aiming to develop a balanced vision that combines authenticity and modernity.

First Section: Defining the Concepts and Terminology of the Article

Defining the terminology here is related to clarifying the objectives of the research and the purposes of the article. Therefore, the definitions provided will be brief and concise, limited to general clarification and revealing the intended meaning of the article’s title.

1. The Concept of Islamic Thought

Islamic thought is a comprehensive cognitive system derived from the Holy Qur’an and the Prophetic Sunnah, based on disciplined rational reasoning to understand reality and organize human life. It is not a rigid form of thought; rather, it is a flexible system that interacts with civilizational developments without losing its identity or reference framework.

Contemporary Islamic literature indicates that Islamic thought is characterized by three fundamental features:

Moreover, the objectives of Islamic law (Maqasid al-Shari‘ah) represent the general framework that directs this thought toward achieving human welfare and preserving the five essential necessities: religion, life, reason, wealth, and lineage.

2. The Concept of Artificial Intelligence

Artificial intelligence is defined as one of the branches of computer science and one of the fundamental pillars upon which the technology industry of the modern era is built. It refers to the ability of computers to simulate the processes of intelligence that occur within the human mind. The term artificial intelligence, commonly abbreviated as (AI), can be defined as the ability of machines and digital computers to perform specific tasks that imitate and resemble those carried out by intelligent beings.

In its practical sense, artificial intelligence refers to the capability of computer systems and software to execute tasks similar to human activities, derive conclusions from data, and make intelligent decisions based on algorithms and machine learning. These technologies include machine learning, deep learning, natural language processing, data analysis, and pattern recognition.

Second Section: Artificial Intelligence as a Crisis of Reason and an Intellectual and Religious Problem

A/ Artificial Intelligence as a Crisis of Reason

Artificial intelligence has become an essential part of human daily life, whether in education, medicine, media, or even entertainment. With this rapid development, many questions have emerged concerning the impact of artificial intelligence on the human mind and intellectual abilities. While some consider it a tool for facilitating life and expanding knowledge, others believe that it may turn into a source of a “crisis of reason” if relied upon excessively. How, then, can artificial intelligence constitute a crisis for the human mind?

First: Excessive Dependence on Artificial Intelligence

One of the most dangerous manifestations of the influence of artificial intelligence on the mind is complete dependence on it in thinking and decision-making. Instead of searching, analyzing, and drawing conclusions independently, individuals increasingly resort to intelligent systems to obtain ready-made answers. This behavior gradually weakens essential mental abilities such as critical thinking, problem-solving, and memory.

For example, when a student depends on artificial intelligence tools to complete assignments without attempting to understand the material, they may appear to achieve good results, but they lose the ability for genuine learning. Over time, the mind becomes less active because it is not sufficiently exercised, leading to what can be described as “mental laziness” or “intellectual stagnation.”

Second: Decline in Critical Thinking and Creativity Skills

Critical thinking refers to the ability to analyze information and distinguish truth from falsehood, while creativity refers to the ability to generate new ideas. However, with the spread of artificial intelligence, many people have become satisfied with ready-made information without discussing or analyzing it.

Artificial intelligence provides quick and organized answers, making humans less inclined toward deep thinking. Over time, individuals may lose the ability to ask questions or develop new ideas because they become accustomed to receiving information rather than producing it.

Creativity also requires experimentation, error, and repeated attempts, whereas artificial intelligence often provides immediate solutions, reducing opportunities for mental training. Consequently, the mind becomes less flexible and less capable of innovation.

Third: Information Distortion and Difficulty Distinguishing Between Truth and Falsehood

One of the most serious problems associated with artificial intelligence is its ability to generate inaccurate or misleading information in a manner that appears convincing and correct. With the enormous volume of digital content, it becomes increasingly difficult for individuals to distinguish between truth and error.

This situation leads to what may be called a “cognitive crisis,” in which the mind loses confidence in information and becomes hesitant in decision-making. Furthermore, the rapid flow of excessive information may cause mental confusion, reducing the individual’s ability to concentrate and engage in deep analysis.

Fourth: Impact on Memory and Attention

Artificial intelligence enables extremely rapid access to information, which may encourage people not to memorize or retain knowledge, since they know it can be accessed at any time. This behavior contributes to the weakening of long-term memory.

In addition, continuous use of smart devices leads to distraction of attention, as individuals quickly shift from one piece of information to another without sufficient focus. This negatively affects deep learning and makes the mind less stable in its patterns of thinking.

Fifth: The Psychological Dimension and Its Impact on the Mind

The influence of artificial intelligence is not limited to the intellectual dimension alone but also extends to the psychological dimension. Excessive use of technology may lead to social isolation, as some individuals prefer interacting with machines rather than with human beings. Such isolation negatively affects mental health and may result in anxiety or reduced self-confidence. Over time, the mind becomes less capable of natural human interaction, creating a gap between the individual and their social environment.

Sixth: Loss of Intellectual Independence

One of the most dangerous consequences of dependence on artificial intelligence is the loss of intellectual independence, meaning that humans become subordinate to machines in their thinking and decisions. Instead of being the primary decision-maker, individuals become mere recipients of what intelligent systems provide.

This may lead to a form of “intellectual alienation,” in which individuals gradually abandon their capacity for free thinking and become more likely to accept information without careful examination or critical evaluation.

Accordingly, it can be said that artificial intelligence is not dangerous in itself; rather, it may become a “crisis of reason” if used in an unbalanced manner. It is a powerful tool that can help humanity progress, but at the same time, it may weaken human intellectual abilities if it becomes a substitute for human thinking.

Therefore, artificial intelligence should be used consciously, so that humans remain the primary thinkers and decision-makers rather than passive recipients. The human mind is the greatest asset possessed by humanity, and preserving it is a responsibility that cannot be neglected.

B/ Artificial Intelligence as an Intellectual and Religious Problem

Despite the materialistic and pragmatic revolution that has swept through contemporary scientific thought, concern for thought, the human mind—especially the Islamic mind—ethical values, and religious motivation continues to have a profound impact on human thinking. Developers constantly seek to produce robots with a religious nature that adhere to the same faith as their creators. This raises important questions: Have robots become equal to humans in the sphere of belief? Can religion itself be “automated” or “digitized”? Will worship in the future be practiced through video calls and online chats, with appointments booked with religious robots via the internet? Such realistic and legal-religious questions require a genuine forward-looking vision.

Current reality confirms that the transformations brought about by artificial intelligence are increasingly affecting the religious sphere, creating concerns that these developments may later lead to qualitative changes. Artificial intelligence may influence the doctrinal and moral dimensions of human beings, marginalize humans, and weaken their role within religion. Religion has always been an exclusively human matter; throughout history, no nation or society has existed without religion, places of worship, or religious leaders. Even primitive societies possessed religions, rituals, and spiritual authorities. Yet the question remains: Could robots in the coming decades alter what has been deeply rooted in human history and become intermediaries between humans and their Creator, or even instruments for religious preaching?

In light of these developments, some scholars predict the emergence of new forms of religion associated with artificial intelligence. For example, Professor Neil McArthur, in his article Gods in the Machine?, expressed concern that some users of artificial intelligence may begin to view robots as superior beings. The rapid progress of artificial intelligence has enabled robots to surpass humans in certain abilities, such as memory retention, information retrieval, and the capacity to respond continuously without fatigue. These capabilities may lead some individuals to perceive machines with excessive reverence. Similarly, the biologist Edward O. Wilson warned that “the real problem of humanity is that we have Paleolithic emotions, medieval institutions, and god-like technology.”

Among the urgent questions raised are whether a robot’s delivery of a sermon, religious lecture, or even a legal opinion (fatwa) means that it has become capable of fulfilling the human role in religion, and whether the profession of religious scholars may disappear with the expansion of religious robots. In March 2023, the Los Angeles Times published an article entitled Can Religion Save Us from Artificial Intelligence? discussing the growing concern of many religious institutions regarding artificial intelligence. The article referred to several myths from human heritage, such as the myth of Icarus, the young man who flew with wax wings too close to the sun despite his father’s warnings, causing the wings to melt and leading to his death. The story symbolizes how the pursuit of unlimited desires may lead to catastrophic consequences. The article also referenced the Jewish legend of the Golem, a creature created from clay and magic by a rabbi to protect the Jewish people, but which gradually became corrupted and uncontrollable, eventually necessitating its destruction.

It is evident that religious scholars are deeply concerned with the idea of controlling artificial intelligence, based on the principle that everything created by humans should remain under human control and not beyond it. Artificial intelligence should therefore operate within limits that respect the ethical and spiritual dimensions of humanity. This perspective was reflected in the Vatican’s Rome Call for AI Ethics, first signed in 2020. Representatives of the three Abrahamic religions—Islam, Christianity, and Judaism—also participated in the Rome Summit in early 2023 and proposed six ethical principles that all AI designers should follow: making AI systems explainable, inclusive, unbiased, reproducible, and ensuring that humans always remain responsible for decisions facilitated by artificial intelligence.

Attention must also be paid to religious texts warning against the creation of statues and images representing humans and other living beings, as well as the punishments associated with such acts. The prohibition of statues has long been established in Islamic law because they were among the greatest causes of polytheism throughout history and contributed to the deviation of many nations. Exceptions are permitted only in cases of necessity, such as medical education and similar fields. However, if the purpose for which a machine is designed is religiously prohibited or leads to corruption, then the machine itself becomes prohibited and impermissible to use. This includes, for example, creating machines resembling men or women for sexual purposes or similar immoral uses.

Advances in artificial intelligence technologies also open the door to the possibility of creating digital replicas of individuals after their death and using them through AI chat platforms or deepfake technologies without the consent of the deceased prior to death. Experts believe that the digital traces people leave behind during their lives—especially on social media platforms—will make it increasingly easy to digitally replicate personalities after death using artificial intelligence capable of imitating voices and behaviors. Current legal systems remain largely unprepared to address such practices.

Many specialists in business and finance have likewise warned that artificial intelligence applications may contribute to the growth of financial fraud, identity theft, and falsification of financial data. Due to the advanced ability of AI systems to analyze data, make complex decisions quickly and accurately, and generate highly convincing false information, detecting fraud may become increasingly difficult.

In general, artificial intelligence has several practical negative effects that require caution and careful ethical regulation in order to avoid violations that conflict with the objectives and moral principles of religion. Among these negative aspects are the following:

  1. Artificial intelligence may have harmful effects, especially in issuing fatwas and dealing with religious texts, because it lacks true human understanding. Understanding context, subtle details in religious questions, and deep analysis of sacred texts are among the distinctive skills of qualified scholars and religious authorities. For example, divorce rulings often require dialogue with the concerned parties, examination of the circumstances surrounding specific expressions, and assessment of emotional states such as anger. Artificial intelligence may incorrectly conclude that a divorce did not occur, whereas a qualified scholar might determine otherwise.
  2. Excessive reliance on automated systems for answering questions may lead to the abandonment of the human dimension in religious guidance. This diminishes the interpretive and intellectual role historically performed by scholars and specialists, particularly in financial disputes that require hearing from multiple parties and considering perspectives that may result in completely different legal opinions from those generated automatically by artificial intelligence.
  3. Some supported or suspicious websites provide religious rulings that contradict the consensus of recognized legal schools. Artificial intelligence is incapable of distinguishing between sound and deviant opinions or identifying weak legal positions within a school of thought. This may result in chaos in religious rulings. Issuing fatwas and providing religious guidance require profound expertise in Islamic sciences and understanding the cultural and social context of those seeking advice. Artificial intelligence lacks this human experience and direct interaction, making it unable to properly apply personal considerations involved in religious guidance.
  4. Artificial intelligence does not adequately observe the foundational principles of Islamic jurisprudence in issuing rulings. It may confuse the methodologies of different legal schools, leading to inconsistency and confusion in legal opinions. AI systems lack the capacity for genuine deduction (istinbat) and independent reasoning (ijtihad). Rather, they merely collect information from multiple references and generate responses regardless of their religious correctness or validity.

Third Section: Artificial Intelligence as a Civilizational Development and a Service to Thought and Religion

Reality confirms that artificial intelligence possesses significant effectiveness that can be positively exploited in ways that support intellectual development and civilizational progress. At the same time, it can serve religion without contradicting its ethical and devotional requirements, since it may be considered one of the legitimate means that can be regulated according to the civilizational needs of the nation and the religious rulings and values in general, especially Islamic rulings within contemporary Muslim societies. The objective is to achieve integration between the authenticity of intellectual and religious identity on the one hand and keeping pace with contemporary scientific and civilizational developments on the other. This can be summarized through several considerations.

A/ Artificial Intelligence as a Manifestation of Civilizational Development

Artificial intelligence is regarded as one of the most prominent achievements of the modern era and may even be considered a clear sign of the scientific and technological progress reached by humanity. This field has become an essential part of everyday human life, being widely used in education, healthcare, industry, transportation, and media. With such broad expansion, artificial intelligence can no longer be viewed merely as a modern technology but rather as an important indicator of the civilizational advancement of societies. How, then, does artificial intelligence express this progress?

First: Development of Science and Technology

Artificial intelligence is considered a direct outcome of the development of modern sciences, particularly in mathematics, computer science, and data analysis. The creation of systems capable of learning and decision-making would not have been possible without major advances in scientific research. This development reflects humanity’s ability to understand the human mind and simulate it digitally, which constitutes a major civilizational achievement. The more advanced intelligent technologies become, the more they indicate the growth of scientific knowledge within society and its capacity for innovation and creativity.

Second: Improving Quality of Life

One of the most important manifestations of civilizational development is the use of artificial intelligence to improve daily human life. In medicine, artificial intelligence assists in diagnosing diseases with high accuracy and in a short time, contributing to saving lives. In education, it provides intelligent learning tools that help students learn more easily and effectively. In transportation, self-driving cars relying on artificial intelligence have emerged to reduce accidents and improve safety. AI is also used in managing smart cities, where lighting, traffic, and energy are controlled more efficiently. All these applications demonstrate that artificial intelligence is not merely a technology, but rather a means of enhancing human life, which is one of the clearest indicators of civilizational progress.

Third: Economic and Productive Development

Artificial intelligence has become a fundamental element in the development of the modern economy. It has contributed to improving industrial production, reducing costs, and increasing efficiency. Major companies today rely on intelligent systems to analyze markets, understand consumer behavior, and make accurate business decisions. Artificial intelligence has also contributed to the emergence of new fields of work that did not previously exist, such as data analysis, intelligent systems development, and information security. This demonstrates that civilizational progress does not simply mean replacing humans with machines, but rather creating new opportunities for economic and intellectual growth.

Fourth: Development of Communication and Knowledge

Artificial intelligence has revolutionized communication and information dissemination. Today, people can access knowledge within seconds through intelligent systems, search engines, and educational applications. It has also contributed to the development of instant translation, making communication between peoples easier and faster, thereby enhancing cultural exchange among civilizations. This openness of knowledge is one of the most important features of modern civilization, where knowledge is no longer confined to a specific place or language.

Fifth: Supporting Scientific Research and Discoveries

Artificial intelligence has become a powerful tool for supporting scientists and researchers. It assists in analyzing massive amounts of data and discovering complex patterns that may be difficult for humans to observe. AI has contributed to progress in fields such as medicine, space exploration, and environmental studies. For example, it is used to develop new medicines, study climate change, and explore outer space. This demonstrates that artificial intelligence accelerates scientific progress and thus contributes to building a more advanced civilization.

Sixth: Transition Toward Smart Societies

One of the most prominent manifestations of civilizational development today is the emergence of the concept of “smart cities,” where artificial intelligence is used to manage resources efficiently. These cities include intelligent systems for regulating traffic, saving energy, and improving public services.

This transformation reflects the transition of societies from traditional methods to modern approaches based on technology, increasing efficiency, reducing waste, and making life more organized and comfortable.

Seventh: Empowering Researchers in Religious Sciences

Artificial intelligence can empower researchers in the field of religious sciences by enabling them to classify and organize fatwas and Islamic legal rulings according to topics, scholars, and references. This allows researchers searching for specific religious rulings to access information easily and efficiently and to browse authoritative references effectively. It also enables direct communication with recognized scholars and religious authorities through chat platforms or intelligent robots, allowing individuals to ask questions and receive immediate responses.

Eighth: Translation and Arabization

Artificial intelligence also offers the advantage of translation and Arabization. Through it, fatwas and Islamic legal rulings can be translated from various languages into the user’s language, thereby providing broader and deeper understanding of religious information and making religious guidance available in multiple languages.

Ninth: Expanding Access and Dissemination of Religious Rulings

Artificial intelligence facilitates broader access to religious rulings by enabling individuals to reach numerous sources of fatwas through websites and applications. It also allows efficient browsing and data mining, making religious rulings and information more widely and rapidly available to everyone.

Tenth: Verifying the Authenticity of Information

Artificial intelligence allows Muslims to verify the authenticity of information. Islamic thought has always emphasized the importance of truthful reporting and trustworthy transmission, which is especially necessary under contemporary circumstances where individuals face challenges in verifying information obtained from multiple sources in the age of modern technology.

Accordingly, it can be stated that artificial intelligence represents one of the most significant manifestations of civilizational progress in the modern era because it reflects scientific advancement, improves quality of life, develops the economy, supports scientific research, and enhances communication among peoples. Nevertheless, it remains essential to use it in a balanced and responsible manner to ensure that it serves humanity without threatening its central role.

True civilization lies not only in possessing technology, but also in using it wisely to build a better future for humanity.

B/ Artificial Intelligence as a Servant of Thought and Religion

Many researchers in the fields of religious and Islamic sciences affirm that artificial intelligence is a necessary and highly important tool for facilitating and accelerating research. It enables researchers to access the largest possible number of sources and references related to the topic under study, especially after scholars and specialists collected and compiled most materials related to religious sciences into electronic programs and specialized online platforms dedicated to Islamic and religious studies. Among the most significant services provided by artificial intelligence to religious and Islamic sciences are the following:

Artificial intelligence, with its various technologies and systems, represents one of the modern scientific developments that were unknown to classical Islamic jurists. Before discussing the position of Islamic law regarding these intelligent technologies and the valuable services they provide to humanity in various fields, it is important first to examine the status of knowledge in Islamic law.

Anyone who reflects upon the Book of Allah and the Sunnah of His Noble Messenger ﷺ will find that no religion has elevated the status of knowledge and scholars as highly as Islam. This is evidenced by the fact that the very first revelation of the Qur’an did not command fasting, prayer, or jihad, but rather commanded reading, which is the key to all sciences, whether religious or beneficial worldly sciences. Allah Almighty says:

“Read in the name of your Lord who created.
Created man from a clot.
Read, and your Lord is the Most Generous,
Who taught by the pen.”
(Surah Al-‘Alaq: 1–4)

Islam’s encouragement to seek knowledge is not limited to religious sciences alone, but extends to every beneficial science that serves humanity, such as medicine, engineering, agriculture, industry, and others. This is indicated by the general wording of Allah’s statement:

“And say: My Lord, increase me in knowledge.”
(Surah Taha: 114)

Another proof is the narration that the Prophet ﷺ instructed Zayd ibn Thabit to learn the language of the Jews. Zayd ibn Thabit رضي الله عنه said that the Prophet ﷺ ordered him to learn the writing of the Jews, until he was able to write their letters for the Prophet and read their correspondence to him. (Narrated by Muhammad al-Bukhari.)

The second issue concerns the Islamic legal ruling regarding artificial intelligence. It can be stated that artificial intelligence, as one of the modern sciences, is permissible as long as it is free from religious prohibitions. It is considered among the permissible matters because of the benefits it provides to humanity, in accordance with the established principle in Islamic law that the original ruling regarding things is permissibility unless there is evidence proving prohibition. This is supported by the general meaning of Allah’s statement:

“And He has subjected to you whatever is in the heavens and whatever is on the earth—all from Him.”
(Surah Al-Jathiyah: 13)

Ibn Taymiyyah stated:

“The actions of people, whether statements or deeds, are of two types: acts of worship through which their religion is rectified, and customs which they need in their worldly affairs.
By examining the principles of the Shariah, we know that acts of worship that Allah has obligated or loved cannot be established except through revelation.
As for customs, they are what people habitually practice in their worldly life and need therein. The original ruling concerning them is the absence of prohibition; nothing among them is prohibited except what Allah has prohibited.”

He also said:

“I do not know of any disagreement among the early scholars that whatever has no evidence proving its prohibition remains unrestricted and permissible.”

Therefore, everything that brings benefit and welfare to people is supported by evidences encouraging it, while everything that causes harm and corruption is prohibited, and the evidences collectively emphasize preventing it. All of Allah’s rulings are intended to secure the welfare of humanity in this life and the hereafter. Indeed, the objectives of Islamic law (Maqasid al-Shari‘ah) are nothing but the realization of true human well-being.

Conclusion

It can be said that artificial intelligence has become a reality that cannot be ignored in the modern age. On the one hand, it represents the peak of civilizational development through the innovative solutions it offers to facilitate human life and support scientific and economic progress. On the other hand, it may become a source of danger to the human mind if misused or excessively relied upon. Therefore, the real challenge lies not in the existence of this technology itself, but in how it is employed with awareness and balance. Civilizational progress is not built by machines alone, but by the human mind that directs and employs them in the service of humanity rather than in weakening it.

Artificial intelligence is also a scientific and practical necessity imposed by contemporary challenges and confirmed by modern scientific developments. It would be neither rational nor logical for religion and values in general to remain isolated from these developments. Instead, they should be examined, accommodated, and adapted in ways that align with both social and ethical interests. Since artificial intelligence technologies belong to the category of means and tools, they are neutral in themselves and can be used both positively and negatively. This confirms the necessity of integrated studies that combine the requirements of reality with ethical and religious principles.

References

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